PREVENT partners

Research | Facilities

The Canadian Center for Vaccinology

Halifax: The Canadian Center for Vaccinology (a partnership among Dalhousie University, the IWK Health Centre and Capital Health) offers a unique strength in its clinical trial and public health component.

Research

The Canadian Center for Vaccinology was established to develop, implement, and evaluate vaccine technologies and vaccines for infectious diseases that have a significant impact on Canadian and global health and to train experts in these critical and evolving fields. This integrated, multidisciplinary research program brings together investigators from diverse disciplines to focus on vaccine discovery and evaluation.

The collaboration of researchers in basic biomedical, clinical, and social sciences and the humanities provides a continuum of vaccine research from basic microbiological and molecular research in vaccine discovery and development, to translational research – research that takes basic science to marketable product—such as vaccine safety and efficacy studies, to evaluation research, encompassing clinical trials as well as vaccine program and policy evaluation. Social sciences and humanities research is integrated with both vaccine discovery and evaluation; it addresses a wide range of ethical, legal, and societal issues that inform policy and practice.

Current research in the Vaccine Discovery Group includes development of mucosal vaccines against pertussis, Chlamydia infection, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) as well as the development of novel adjuvants and needle-free vaccine delivery systems.

Ongoing research in the Vaccine Evaluation Group includes the assessment of new vaccines to prevent meninogococcal infections in young infants, novel combination vaccines, and improved vaccines against hepatitis B and influenza. The Health Policy and Translation Group focuses on moving evidence into health policy in order to improve population health. An initial focus has been on influenza in pregnancy: demonstrating that pregnant women get more serious disease, discussing the implications of these findings for public health policy, and exploring current barriers to influenza vaccine uptake in pregnancy and novel and innovative approaches to improving influenza vaccine uptake. This group will continue to explore more generic public health, legal, and ethical issues in vaccine research, vaccine use, and vaccine uptake in pregnancy.



Did you know?
image of BSE

A group of brain diseases, including BSE (or mad cow disease) and Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease of humans, are transmitted by "prions," which are infectious protein particles similar to a virus. BSE is carried by animal feed made from cattle brains or spinal cord, and ingestion of meat infected with the disease can cause CJD in humans. The brain of BSE-affected cows has a sponge-like appearance when tissue sections are examined in the lab.

Credit: Dr. Al Jenny.

Source: Public Health Image Library, APHIS, U.S. Department of Agriculture.

BACKGROUNDER

Immunization:
Inoculation and Vaccination

Inoculation (also known as variolation) was introduced to the west by Lady Mary Wortley Montagu (1689-1762), who witnessed inoculation being
portrait of lady
practiced by physicians in Constantinople,[12] and was greatly impressed:[13] she had lost a brother to smallpox and bore facial scars from the disease herself. In 1718 she had the embassy surgeon inoculate her son, and in 1721, after returning to England, had her daughter inoculated[14]. In 1722 the Prince of Wales' daughters received inoculations[16].

The practice of inoculation slowly spread amongst the royal families of Europe, followed by general adoption amongst the rest of the population. Given the severe consequences of smallpox in Europe in the 18th century, many parents felt that the benefits outweighed the risks and so inoculated their children.[21] [22]